What does "total landed cost" include?

Total landed cost is a comprehensive calculation that provides the buyer with the complete cost of a product once it has been delivered to their location. This figure goes beyond just the purchase price of the item itself and includes a variety of expenses associated with getting the product to its final destination.

Specifically, it encompasses not only the initial price of the product but also factors in shipping costs, customs duties, taxes, tariffs, and any other fees that may arise during the transportation process. This means that by considering total landed cost, businesses can make well-informed decisions regarding pricing, budgeting, and sourcing.

The other options do not capture the full scope of total landed cost. For example, focusing only on the manufacturing cost ignores essential logistics expenses. Similarly, considering only shipping fees overlooks customs and other charges that can significantly affect the total expenditure. Finally, evaluating the price before additional charges fails to account for the expenses that ultimately determine the final cost to the buyer. Understanding total landed cost is crucial for effective supply chain and logistics management.